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High-resolution mapping and dispersion analyses of volcanic ballistics emitted during the 3rd July 2019 paroxysm at Stromboli

PUBBLICATO: 6 Settembre 2023
Nature - Scientific Reports, Bisson et al. 2023 - Figure 4
Geometry framework used for the analyses and including rings, sectors and reference elements. The number in bold black indicates the ring, and the number in bold red indicates the angular sector. The black circles (25 m of radius) represent the reference areas for analysing the variation of dispersion parameters along radial directions (white line). The different colours represent the SND parameter value calculated in each reference element (see legend). The reference elements coloured in light grey are not analysed as not entirely included in the study area (white dotted line). In the background the Drone imagery. The map was composed in ArcGIS 10.5 software (ESRI Platform).

Bisson M., C. Spinetti, R. Gianardi, K. Strehlow, E. De Beni & P. Landi (2023).
Nature – Scientific Reports, 13, 13465, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39600-w

Abstract

A detailed mapping of volcanic ballistic projectiles emplaced in a defined area, represents the starting point to derive preparatory data in hazard and risk studies of ballistics phenomena. Considering as case study the 3rd July 2019 paroxysmal eruption occurred at Stromboli volcano, we map and analyse at very high spatial resolution (8 cm) the distribution of the ballistic spatter clasts emplaced on the E flank of the volcano. The resulting map identifies and reproduces as geospatial polygon elements 152,228 spatter clasts with areal dimensions from 0.03 to 4.23 m2. Dispersed on 0.407 km2, the spatters cover an area of 29,000 m2 corresponding to an erupted products volume from 2.3 to 7.0 × 103 m3, calculated here for the first time. Spatial analyses indicate that the area mostly affected by the clasts emplacement is between N67.5 and N135 directions, identifying a preferential deposition between N112.50 and N123.75 directions. The clasts size distribution rapidly decreases with the size increase, highlighting a nearly constant ratio small/large clasts regardless the distance from the vent. Finally, additional investigations reveal that clasts dispersion parameters decrease progressively with the distance from the vent only along one direction (N67.5), highlighting how the morphology influences the deposition and remobilisation of mapped ballistics.

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