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a) Lateral view of an advancing experimental pyroclastic surge at the eruption simulator PELE.b)Schematic sketch of the internal flow structure shown in Fig. 1a. This illustrates the longitudinal subdivision of the gravity current into the frontal head and trailing body regions; and the vertical structure of the gravity current where…

Sediment accumulation rate (SAR) for the dated locations (EP1, Cp3, B18x, Cj3, V-60-A18) in the Inner Oslofjord. The red dotted line indicates the average accumulation rate calculated for the whole fjord. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version…

Map of the difference in height 2005–2015 obtained comparing the Lidar and Pleiades altimetry models. The numbers 1, 2 3, and 4 indicate the four areas mostly affected by morphological changes from 2005 to 2015. The coordinates at the corners are expressed in meters according to the WGS 84 UTM…

Figura 11. Detail of the maximum deformation zone and location of the area examined through the time series. Sentinel-1A vertical displacement map, epicentres [9] and faults [10] are also visible Beccaro L., C. Tolomei, R. Gianardi, V. Sepe, M. Bisson, L. Colini, R. De Ritis and C. Spinetti.Remote Sensing,…

Schematic illustration of a series of numerical simulations of the two-layer PDC model. a A two-layer PDC is generated from the inlet boundary (x=0) and flows into a proximal inclined channel with length 9.68 m (slope angle θ=6∘) and into a distal horizontal channel (θ=0∘). b There are three interfaces,…

Infrasound waveforms recorded at Mt. Etna during July-August, 2019 and their spectrograms. Data are high-pass filtered (0.01 Hz) to remove the effect of long-period noise. (a) Ash explosion (~75–85 s) at the NEC; (b) Deep intra-crater gas explosions from BN; (c) Sequence of Strombolian explosions at the NSEC. De Angelis S., L.