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Tectonic setting of the Turkana depression. a Quaternary faults, seismicity and Quaternary volcanoes in the Turkana depression and surrounding regions superimposed on a SRTM (NASA Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) digital elevation model (modified from ref. 17). Seismicity from USGS National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) catalogue (https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/search/); Quaternary volcanoes from the…

The 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines, classified as VEI 6, cooled global climate by up to 0.7 °C for several years. Papale P., W. Marzocchi (2019).Science, 363/6433, 1275-1276, DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw7201. Eruzioni nel mondo, presentata la prima stima globale delle probabilità Un recente studio…

Figure 1. Location map of the sites discussed in the text. The figure shows the density track of winter storms according to ERA-Interim 1989–2009. Numerical values (number of cyclones/deg2) represent the average spatial density of cyclone centers in the winter season. Only cyclones with a minimum of 1-day duration and…

Figure 1. Glacier extent (light blue) during the LGM according to the reconstruction of Braschi et al. (1986). Sampled sites are shown in yellow. Isola I. A. Ribolini, G. Zanchetta, M. Bini, E. Regattieri, R.N. Drysdale, J.C. Hellstrom, P. Bajo, P. Montagna, E. Pons-Branchu (2019).Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 518, 62-71,…

Three-dimensional simulation of a partial column collapse scenario at Vesuvius. The input conditions of the multiphase flow model are representative of a Sub-Plinian eruption with a mass flow rate of 8 x 10’7 kg/s. Two particle classes of 30 and 500 microns were modeled to represent the ejected pyroclasts. The…

Figura 1. Concentrazione totale di particelle piroclastiche nell’atmosfera (in scala logaritmica). A) Posizione iniziale del volume di magma, prima dell’esplosione. B) Rappresentazione 3D della concentrazione a 380 s dall’inizio del blast. C) Rappresentazione 2D lungo la sezione NordEst, sovrapposta alla mappa a 10 m dal suolo a 380 s. Map…