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Figure 8. Inundation probability of small-scale PDC at the San Salvador volcanic complex derived from the systematic application of the branching energy cone model (Aravena et al., 2020a) and the vent opening probability map shown in Fig. 4. (a) Mean value. (b) 5th percentile. (c) 95th percentile. Inundation probability is…

Cotopaxi volcano. Probability density functions of conditional probabilities for (a) the next eruption and (b) the next 100 years. For each graph, it is reported on the x-axis the decision maker’s response (in %), and on the y-axis the distributions of, respectively, the Classical Model (red), the Expected Relative…

Concept of multi‐view photogrammetry draw with photos acquired during the February 18, 2005 survey. Structure from Motion (SfM) method uses a set of corresponding points between images to estimate simultaneously the 3D scene structure, the camera pose and the internal camera calibration parameters. Fornaciai A., D. Andronico, M. Favalli, L.

Summary of present and future global perspectives in the field of volcanic hazard assessment of pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) and lahars derived from this Research Topic. (A) Global distribution of countries where volcanic systems have been analyzed in the Research Topic, divided according to whether the main object of study…

Fig. 17. Thermal image of the fumarolic area at Mount Rittmann. The higher temperature at the soil surface was around 17°C, while in the air was around −10°C. The thermal survey has been useful for focusing on the hotter fumaroles that are more suitable for gas sampling.

Fig. 6. Representative example of a sedimentary log with several tephra layers present: Unit 7.2 (107.87 and 116.86 m bsf ) of the CRP-2 core modified from Armienti et al. (2001) and Fielding and CRP Science Team (2001). Photographs of the logged core are also shown, with the main…