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a Relative paleointensity, b inclination, and c declination of the NDT09 core compared with the predicted curves from the SHA.DIF.14 k (Pavón-Carrasco et al. 2014) and pfm.9k2 (Nilsson et al. 2022) geomagnetic field models, plotted as a function of age. d Preliminary age model for the NDT09 core.

Figure 8 a Plot of the first and second principal components (PC1 and PC2) from the principal component analysis (PCA) of Mount Melbourne geochemical dataset, color contoured based on the cluster number. b The plot of Mount Melbourne geochemical dataset in t-SNE space is color contoured according to the cluster…

Figure 8 Seasonal probability maps showing the likelihood of exceeding a ground load threshold of 10 kg/m2. Panels correspond to boreal a winter, b spring, c summer, and d autumn. Red stars mark the locations where hazard curves have been calculated. Each panel includes an inset providing a closer view of Santorini and the islands near the Kolumbo Central…

Sketch of the phenomenology and relevant parameters of the scenario considered in this study (see “Appendix 3. Table of symbols” for the list of symbols). a Not to scale. The gas from Kolumbo volcano travels through the sea dissolving high soluble gases like SO2.While the flow temperature equilibrates with the sea,…

L’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) ha recentemente preso parte all’esercitazione congiunta della Rete dei Centri di Competenza dedicata all’utilizzo dei sistemi aeromobili a pilotaggio remoto (UAS), droni, per scopi di protezione civile. L’attività si è svolta nel territorio della Città Metropolitana di Firenze e ha simulato un’emergenza di…

Plume neutral buoyancy altitude (left column) and maximum altitude (right column) in relation to the MFR, exit temperature and exit velocity at an elevation of 4 km (top row) and 8 km (bottom), both at the Equator with wind shear and for an atmospheric heat capacity varying with temperature and a pyroclast…